Unit 3: Political Parties, Interest Groups and Mass Media
Political Parties
  • Political parties can be defined as "a team of men and women seeking to control the apparatus by gaining office in a constitutional election".
  • The parties have different tasks to follow.
    • Picking candidates- the person running for public office must be nominated and having the parties' endorsement.
    • Running campaigns-run campaigning through their local, state and national organizations; TV has helped in the last few years
    • Gives cue to the voters- they make sure the voters know what candidates are running for representation of the party
    • Parties articulate policies- each party has particular policies and groups that they support
    • Parties coordinate policymaking- involved in the other branches of government in helping out with policy ideas.
  • America is basically known as the two-party system (Democrats and Republicans), but third parties can influence voting changes.
  • A party's certain image whether they are conservative or liberal with shape people's party identification.
  • During elections, people can vote for one party for one office and for another party; which is also called ticket splitting.
  • Each party holds a national convention every four years to choose their nomination for president, vice president and to figure out their party platform
Interest Groups
  • Interest groups have similar goal with policies and they enter the political process to make their goals accomplished.
  • Political parties and interest groups tend to be thought of the same thing with people but they are widely different.
    • Political parties choose candidates for office while interest groups support them
  • Interest groups are policy specialists while political parties are policy generalist.
  • There are different theories when it comes to interest groups.
    • Pluralist theory, elite theory, hyperpluralist theory
  • Smaller interest groups are more likely to success and have their goals achieved than larger interest groups.
    • Larger groups usually fall to free-rider problem.
  • Interest groups use different tactics to make sure they get their issues know.
    • Lobbying, electioneering (which includes political action committees), litigation, appeal to public.
  • There are also many different types of interest groups.
    • Economic, Environmental, Equality, Consumer and public interests
Mass Media
  • The media has an important part in government whether using to shape their politcal agenda and campaigning during elections.
  • The mass media can be distriputed through newspaper, TV, radio and currently certain websites and TV channels, which leads to narrowcasting.
  • The news is known to be bias towards certain political parties or theories.